李洱:将正经话说得有节奏,反话说得漂亮的鬼才

来源:CCTSS

作者:罗雨静

2018-11-16

  近年来,中华文化“走出去”的影响力不断扩大,在全球文化多元化发展日益兴盛的背景下,中国文化译研网(CCTSS)联合中国作家协会《小说选刊》杂志社,启动“新世纪中国当代作家、作品海外传播数据库”项目,将100位中国当代优秀作家的简介、代表作品以及展示作家风采的短视频翻译为10种语言,集结成1000张中国作家名片向全球推介。千张“作家名片”将鲜明地向世界宣告:我是中国作家,我在进行中国创作。


  此种形式和规模是中国故事走向世界的一大创新,会让世界更加全面、客观、公正地了解中国优秀作家作品,同时也是打通中国文化走向世界的“最后一公里”。


  李洱,男,1966年10月出生于河南济源。1987年毕业于华东师范大学中文系,曾在高校任教多年,做过《莽原》杂志副主编,现就职于中国现代文学馆。代表作有长篇小说《花腔》《石榴树上结樱桃》《遗忘》等。被誉为中国先锋文学之后最重要的代表作家之一。曾获第三、第四届大家文学奖(荣誉奖),首届21世纪鼎钧文学奖,第十届庄重文文学奖等。《花腔》曾被评为“新时期文学三十年(1979-2009)”最佳十部长篇小说。部分作品被译成德、意、法、英、日、韩等多种文字。


  李洱特别关注中国知识分子的生活和当代乡村在全球化背景下的变化,重视小说的叙事话语,诙谐坦诚,颇具冷幽默,富有洞察力,又带有精微的讽刺效果,逐渐形成了李洱式的叙事诗学。文学批评家张学昕评价说“他运用、利用话语也解构话语,在话语生活中对现实开着米兰昆德拉式的‘玩笑’,享受着‘智慧的痛苦’”。李洱也被称为“第一位将正经话说得有节奏,反话说得漂亮的鬼才”。对现实生活的警醒态度也使得李洱的作品具有复杂深刻的讽刺性,引人深思。


  长篇小说《花腔》的故事围绕主人公葛任的生死之谜展开,三个当事人的口述和大量引文组成了复杂而流畅的叙述。故事中许多身份、性情迥异的人描述这桩谜案,各种不同的腔调共存,引起了读者对历史与现实、真实与虚构等问题的思考。《花腔》被评论界认为是对历史中的个人、对知识分子命运的思考和追究体现了深湛的认识水平,在艺术上是对二十世纪80年代以来先锋文学探索成果的一次有力的综合,被评论者称为“先锋文学的正果”。


  《石榴树上结樱桃》是一部反映乡村净土被权力所侵蚀的长篇小说。小说选取了“村级选举”和“计划生育”两个具有政策性的事件,在它们互相关联的场景中完成了对乡村权力场的描述。女主人公孔繁花为现任村委会主任,能力卓越,一心为村民谋福利,理应连任。然而选举前夕计划生育工作出现问题,在调查过程中,繁花惊讶地发现村委会的人暗中拉选票,而且她最信任的人都背叛了她。该书得到德国总理默克尔的高度推崇,被《普鲁士报》评为“配得上它所获得的一切荣誉”。


  《遗忘》是一部小长篇。作者别出新意地将“嫦娥奔月”的古代神话故事写进现代知识分子的日常生活,使现代的侯后毅、冯蒙(我)、嫦娥等人表现出精神和行为的分离,具有幽默讽刺的现实批评意味。


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  李洱


  Li Er


  Li Er was born in Jiyuan, Henan Province in October 1966. After graduating from the Chinese Faculty of East China Normal University in 1987, he taught at a university for many years and was deputy chief editor of Liaoyuan Magazine. He is currently working at the China Modern Literature Museum. His representative works include the novels Coloratura, Cherries on a Pomegranate Tree and Forgetting. He is regarded as one of the most important representative writers after China’s pioneering literature. He has won the Third and Fourth Dajia Literary Awards (Honourable Award), the First 21st Century Dingjun Literature Award, and the Tenth Zhuang Zhongwen Literature Award. Coloratura was once rated as one of the ten best novels in the Thirty Years of Literature of the New Era (1979-2009). Some of his works have been translated into German, Italian, French, English, Japanese, Korean and other languages.


  Li Er pays particular attention to the lives of Chinese intellectuals and the changes of contemporary villages in the context of globalization. He focuses on the narrative discourse of fiction; he is witty and frank, has rather dry humor, insightfulness, and subtle satirical effects, which gradually became the Li Er style narrative. Zhang Xuexin, a literary critic, commented that “his use of discourse also deconstructs discourse, and in the discourse of life he drives Milan Kundera’s ‘joke’ to reality and enjoys the “pain of wisdom”. Li Er is also known as “the first talented writer to put serious words to a rhythm and talk of irony in a beautiful way”. His vigilant attitude towards real life also makes Li Yu’s works complex and profoundly satirical and inspiring.


  The story of the novel Coloratura revolves around the mystery of the protagonist Ge Ren’s life and death. The dictation of three parties and a large number of citations form a complex and fluid narrative. Many people with different identities and dispositions in the story described this mystery, with many different accents coexisting, and encouraging readers to think about history and reality, reality and fiction. Coloratura was considered by the critics as reflecting a deep understanding of the history of individuals and the thinking and investigation of the fate of intellectuals. In art, it is a powerful synthesis of the results of pioneering literature exploration since the 1980s. The critics have called it “the fruit of pioneering literature.”


  Cherries on a Pomegranate Tree is a novel that reflects the erosion of pure land in the countryside by power. The novel selected the two political issues of “village-level elections” and “family planning”, completing a description of the rural power field in their interrelated contexts. The female protagonist Kong Fanhua is the director of the current village committee, has excellent capabilities and wholeheartedly works for the benefit of the villagers and should be re-elected. However, on the eve of the election, a problem related to family planning work crops up. During the investigation, Fanhua is surprised to find that the people of the village committee had secretly drawn votes, and her most trusted people had betrayed her. The book was highly praised by German Chancellor Angela Merkel, and was rated by the newspaper Preu?ische Allgemeine Zeitung as “worthy of all the honors it has earned”.


  Forgetting is a short novel. The author creatively writes the ancient myth of Chang’e Goes to the Moon into the daily lives of modern intellectuals, so that the modern Hou Houyi, Feng Meng (I), Chang’e and others showed the separation of spirit and behavior, with a humorously satirical criticism of realism.

责任编辑:王爽